White Rock is a city in British Columbia, Canada, that lies
within the Metro Vancouver regional district. It borders Semiahmoo Bay and
is surrounded on three sides by South Surrey.
To the south lies the Semiahmoo First Nation, which is within the city limits
of Surrey . Semiahmoo
Bay and the Southern Gulf Islands in
the Strait of Georgia are
also to the south.
The boundaries between White Rock and Surrey are Bergstrom
Road (136 Street) to the west, North Bluff Road (16th Avenue ) to the north, Stayte Road (160
Street) to the east, and 8th
Avenue to the south. The area south of 8 Avenue
from Stayte Road westward
to where 8 Avenue meets the water is the Semiahmoo
Indian Reserve and lies within
the bounds of the City of Surrey
(though it is governed separately). The Surrey neighbourhoods of Ocean Park and Crescent
Beach lie immediately to the
northwest.
The Straits Salish people dominated
the region from Boundary Bay in the north to Birch Bay in the south (in the U.S. ). Semiahmoo
First Nation permanent
encampments were known to exist between 1791, the first white contact, and the
1850s, the beginnings of white settlement. These were located along the
waterfront at the eastern and western limits of the present City of White Rock . The Semiahmoos
also constructed forts as lookouts for raiders from the northern first nations;
one is located in the Ocean
Park area.
The Oregon
boundary dispute culminated in
the Oregon Treaty of
1846, which settled the outstanding border issues between Great Britain and the United States . Previously, these
issues had been put on hold through a shared occupancy agreement of the Oregon territory by the
two nations in the Treaty of 1818. In turn, the International
Boundary Survey Commission began in
1857 to set the boundary between the United States and British North America,
roughly along the 49th parallel, which runs through Semiahmoo Bay and Boundary Bay to Point Roberts, Washington.
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